Proteinuria

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🟢 Generic Telmisartan Compounded Oral Oil Liquid

Generic Telmisartan Compounded Oral Oil Liquid

Blood pressure

Drugs

Proteinuria

Renal

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References and resources
  1. Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use. CVMP assessment report for Semintra to add new strength 10 mg/ml oral solution for cats to treat systemic hypertension. European Medicines Agency. 2018. https://medicines.health.europa.eu/veterinary/es/documents/download/7b45beb0-53c0-46ab-9cd0-8f4e418a6ed6 
  2. Semintra (telmisartan oral solution) 10 mg/mL product insert. Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA Inc. 2019. https://docs.boehringer-ingelheim.com/PI/Theras/Semintra_PI.pdf 
  3. Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, Keane WF, Mitch WE, Parving HH, Remuzzi G, Snapinn SM, Zhang Z, Shahinfar S; RENAAL Study Investigators. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2001 Sep 20;345(12):861-9. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa011161 
  4. Coleman AE, Brown SA, Traas AM, Bryson L, Zimmering T, Zimmerman A. Safety and efficacy of orally administered telmisartan for the treatment of systemic hypertension in cats: Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med. 2019; 33: 478-488. doi:10.1111/jvim.15429 
  5. Coleman A, Elliott J. Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in cats and dogs: The emerging role of angiotensin II receptor blockers. International Renal Interest Society (IRIS). 2022. http://www.iris-kidney.com/education/renin-anglotensin-aldosterone-system.html 
  6. Girens R, Swift S. Telmisartan for Treating Systemic Hypertension. Today’s Veterinary Practice. 2019. https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/pharmacology/telmisartan-for-treating-systemic-hypertension/ 
  7. Glaus TM, Elliott J, Herberich E, Zimmering T, Albrecht B. Efficacy of long-term oral telmisartan treatment in cats with hypertension: Results of a prospective European clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med. 2019; 33: 413-422. doi:10.1111/jvim.15394 
  8. Gordon SG, Saunders AB, Malcolm E. Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists for Use in Animals. Merck Veterinary Manual. 2023. https://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/systemic-pharmacotherapeutics-of-the-cardiovascular-system/angiotensin-ii-receptor-antagonists-for-use-in-animals 
  9. Izuhara Y, Nangaku M, Inagi R, Tominaga N, Aizawa T, Kurokawa K, van Ypersele de Strihou C, Miyata T. Renoprotective properties of angiotensin receptor blockers beyond blood pressure lowering. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Dec;16(12):3631-41. doi:10.1681/ASN.2005050522 
  10. Kobori H, Mori H, Masaki T, Nishiyama A. Angiotensin II blockade and renal protection. Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(17):3033-42. doi:10.2174/1381612811319170009 
  11. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, Berl T, Pohl MA, Lewis JB, Ritz E, Atkins RC, Rohde R, Raz I; Collaborative Study Group. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001 Sep 20;345(12):851-60. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa011303 
  12. Sent, U., Gössl, R., Elliott, J., Syme, H.M. and Zimmering, T. (2015), Comparison of Efficacy of Long-term Oral Treatment with Telmisartan and Benazepril in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Vet Intern Med, 29: 1479-1487. doi:10.1111/jvim.13639 
  13. Wright JT Jr, Bakris G, Greene T, Agodoa LY, Appel LJ, Charleston J, Cheek D, Douglas-Baltimore JG, Gassman J, Glassock R, Hebert L, Jamerson K, Lewis J, Phillips RA, Toto RD, Middleton JP, Rostand SG; African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension Study Group. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial. JAMA. 2002 Nov 20;288(19):2421-31. doi:10.1001/jama.288.19.2421 

Proteinuria references and resources

  1. Brown SA, Brown CA, Jacobs G, Stiles J, Hendi RS, Wilson S. Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril in cats with induced renal insufficiency. Am J Vet Res. 2001 Mar;62(3):375-83. doi:10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.375 
  2. Understanding the Influence of Hematuria on Urine Evaluation. EveryCat Health Foundation. 2018. https://everycat.org/cat-health/understanding-the-influence-of-hematuria-on-urine-evaluation/ 
  3. Fidalgo MA, Leal RO, Duarte-Correia JH. Urinary Protein/Creatinine Ratio in Feline Medicine: Reasons to Perform It and Its Role in Clinical Practice—A Retrospective Study. Animals. 2022; 12(12):1575. doi:10.3390/ani12121575 
  4. Harley L, Langston C. Proteinuria in dogs and cats. Can Vet J. 2012 Jun;53(6):631-8. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3354822/ 
  5. An update on the diagnosis and management of proteinuria in dogs and cats. IDEXX. 2018. https://www.idexx.com/files/proteinuria-dx-update.pdf 
  6. Jepson RE, Brodbelt D, Vallance C, Syme HM, Elliott J. Evaluation of predictors of the development of azotemia in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;23(4):806-13. doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0339.x 
  7. Lees GE, Brown SA, Elliott J, Grauer GE, Vaden SL; American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Assessment and management of proteinuria in dogs and cats: 2004 ACVIM Forum Consensus Statement (small animal). J Vet Intern Med. 2005 May-Jun;19(3):377-85. doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2005.tb02713.x 
  8. Littman MP. Protein-losing nephropathy in small animals. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2011 Jan;41(1):31-62. doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2010.09.006 
  9. Schmid S. When Urine Trouble: A Clinical Approach to Proteinuria. Today’s Veterinary Practice. 2022. https://todaysveterinarypractice.com/urology-renal-medicine/clinical-approach-to-proteinuria/ 
  10. Sent, U., Gössl, R., Elliott, J., Syme, H.M. and Zimmering, T. (2015), Comparison of Efficacy of Long-term Oral Treatment with Telmisartan and Benazepril in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Vet Intern Med, 29: 1479-1487. doi:10.1111/jvim.13639 
  11. Syme HM, Markwell PJ, Pfeiffer D, Elliott J. Survival of cats with naturally occurring chronic renal failure is related to severity of proteinuria. J Vet Intern Med. 2006 May-Jun;20(3):528-35. doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2006.tb02892.x 
  12. Vaden SL, Elliott J. Management of Proteinuria in Dogs and Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2016 Nov;46(6):1115-30. doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.06.009 
  13. Vientós-Plotts AI, Behrend EN, Welles EG, Chew DJ, Gaillard PR, Busler JN, Lee HP. Effect of blood contamination on results of dipstick evaluation and urine protein-to-urine creatinine ratio for urine samples from dogs and cats. Am J Vet Res. 2018 May;79(5):525-531. doi:10.2460/ajvr.79.5.525 
  14. White JD, Norris JM, Bosward KL, Fleay R, Lauer C, Malik R. Persistent haematuria and proteinuria due to glomerular disease in related Abyssinian cats. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2008;10(3):219-229. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2007.11.007 

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